Upya wa Utenzi wa Mwana Kupona katika utenzi wa Howani Mwana Howani na Jawabu la Mwana Kupona
Ikisiri
Makala hii ililenga kuchunguza upya wa Utenzi wa Mwana Kupona katika utenzi wa Howani Mwana Howani na Jawabu la Mwana Kupona. Makala hii iliongozwa na nadharia ya Bakhtin kuhusu lugha (1981) na Ufeministi wa Kiafrika iliyoasisiwa na Chioma (1980). Nadharia ya Bakhtin kuhusu lugha inashikilia kuwa lugha huwa na kani za aina mbili: nguvu za Kani Kitovu na Kani Pewa. Nguvu za Kani Kitovu zinafanya kazi kwa kuvuta vipengele vyote vya lugha na mbinu zake za ufasaha kuelekea katikati ili kutoa lugha moja iliyo sanifu au rasmi ambayo kila mmoja anaitumia. Nguvu hizo za Kani Kitovu zilikuwa kanuni zilozounganisha na kuleta kitu katikati. Nguvu za Kani Pewa zilijaribu kusukuma vipengele vya lugha kutoka katikati na kupelekea kuwa na wingi wa lugha au vijilugha. Kwa upande mwingine, Nadharia ya Ufeministi wa Kiafrika iliasisiwa katika miaka ya 1980 na Chioma na Kuendelezwa na Ogundipe (1994), Nnaemeka (2003) miongoni mwa wengine. Nadharia ya Ufeministi wa Kiafrika inafafanuliwa kama mapambano dhidi ya aina zote za dhuluma ili kupiga hatua katika kupata haki za wanawake. Jitihada hizi zinaweza kuwa za kijinsia, ubaguzi wa rangi, unyanyasaji wa kiuchumi kati ya dhuluma nyinginezo zinazolenga kumdhalilisha mwanamke (Bayu, 2019). Utafiti ulikuwa wa kimaelezo. Utafiti ulifanywa maktabani na nyanjani. Sampuli maktabani na nyajani iliteuliwa kimaksudi. Maktabani, mtafiti alisoma kwa kina matini iliyochapishwa kwa lengo la kupata data ya msingi. Nyanjani, mtafiti alifanya mahojiano na majadiliano na wanajamii walioteuliwa katika kukusanya data. Data kutoka katika tenzi zilizoteuliwa, maandishi yaliyohusu utafiti huu, data ya nyanjani zilichambuliwa kulingana na lengo la makala haya na mihimili ya nadharia kwa lengo la kuonyesha namna upya wa Mwana Kupona ulivyobainika katika utenzi wa Howani Mwana Howani na Jawabu la Mwana Kupona. Makala haya yalibainisha kuwa utenzi wa Howani Mwana Howani na Jawabu la Mwana Kupona zilisheheni upya kifani na kimaudhui katika mpito wa wakati.
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