Field Efficacy of Microbial and Botanical Insecticides Against the Fall Armyworm on Maize in Serere District, Uganda

Emmanuel Okello; Fina Opio; Gorrety Nagawa

doi:10.37284/eajab.8.1.3148

Emmanuel Okello Bishop Stuart University
Fina Opio, PhD Bishop Stuart University
Gorrety Nagawa Bishop Stuart University

##plugins.pubIds.doi.readerDisplayName##: https://doi.org/10.37284/eajab.8.1.3148

##share.article##:

Résumé

The recent introduction of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) has significantly impacted maize production among smallholder farmers. Due to the harmful effects of the chemical insecticides (Metarhizium anisopliae, Mazao Achieve ® ICIPE 78, and Mazao Tickoff ® ICIPE 7), and Neem was tested in the field as a cheaper and safer alternatives. Experiments with treatments arranged in Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicates were conducted in the first (March-June) and second season (September-December) 2024 at Pingire Sub-county, Serere District, Uganda. S.frugiperda incidence, level of damage, larval populations, grain yield, and economic viability were measured. The results showed that the treated plots had reduced incidence, damage, and larval populations with significantly higher yield gain compared to untreated plots in both seasons. The incidence for the Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff was 22.50, 38.33, 52.50, and 30.83, 79.17, and 87.50 in the first and second seasons, respectively. The average number of larvae per plant for Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff was 0.43, 1.25, 1.81, and 0.60, 1.80, 2.45 in the first and second seasons, respectively. Grain yield was generally higher on treated plots as compared to untreated plots, with the exception of the Neem leaf extract. The percentage yield gain for Striker, Tickoff, and Achieve was 64.45, 28.60, and 24.86% respectively during the first season, and 53.27, 17.49, and 18.28% respectively during the second season. The three treatments, Striker, Achieve, and Tickoff, had a corresponding BCR>1 in both seasons. Achieve and Tickoff showed a higher degree of efficacy and economic viability for managing the S.frugiperda and could be explored by smallholder maize farmers; however, their use and application should follow an integrated management approach. Further research is needed to assess their effectiveness in various environments, with other treatments, local isolates, and concentrations

##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##

##plugins.generic.usageStats.noStats##

Références

Abrahams, O. (2017). Fall Armyworm: Impacts and Implications for Africa. Evidence Note (2) UKaid and CABI. November, 144.

Adiaha, M. (2020). The impact of Maize ( Zea mays L.) and its uses for human development : A review. May 2017, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijsw.v5i1.7585

Ahissou, B. R., Sawadogo, W. M., Dabiré, G. T., Kambiré, F. C., Bokonon-ganta, A. H., & Somda, I. (2022). Susceptibility of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda ( JE Smith ) to microbial and botanical bioinsecticides and control failure likelihood estimation. 26(3), 136–140.

Akutse, K. S., Kimemia, J. W., Ekesi, S., Khamis, F. M., Ombura, O. L., & Subramanian, S. (2019). Ovicidal effects of entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the invasive Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 143(6), 626– 634. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12634

Assefa, F., & Ayalew, D. (2019). Status and control measures of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) infestations in maize fields in Ethiopia: A review. Cogent Food and Agriculture, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2019.1641902

Awata, L. A. O., Tongoona, P., Danquah, E., Ifie, B. E., Suresh, L. M., Jumbo, M. B., D, P. W. M.-, & Sitonik, C. (2019). Understanding tropical maize (Zea mays L): The major monocot in modernization and sustainability of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. 7, 32–77. https://doi.org/10.33500/ijaar.2019.07.004

Babendreier, D., Agboyi, L. K., Beseh, P., Osae, M., Nboyine, J., Ofori, S. E. K., Frimpong, J. O., Clottey, V. A., & Kenis, M. (2020). The Efficacy of Alternative, Environmentally Friendly Plant Protection Measures for Control of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda, in Maize. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11040240

Banerjee, A., & Pal, S. (2020). Estimation of crop losses due to major insect pests of field pea in the Gangetic plains of West Bengal. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 8(5), 1063–1067. http://www.entomoljournal.com

Chisonga, C., Chipabika, G., Sohati, P. H., & Id, R. D. H. (2023). Understanding the impact of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J . E. Smith) leaf damage on maize yields. 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279138

Epule, T. E., Dhiba, D., Etongo, D., Peng, C., & Lepage, L. (2021). Identifying maize yield and precipitation gaps in Uganda. SN Applied Sciences, 3(5), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04532-5

Erenstein, O., Jaleta, M., Sonder, K., & Mottaleb, K. (2022). Global maize production, consumption and trade : trends and R & D implications. Food Security, 1295–1319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-022-01288-7

FAO, 2017. (2017). Briefing Note on FAO Actions on Fall Armyworm in Africa. FAO Briefing Note on FAW, 1(October), 1–7.

FAO, 2018. (2018). Integrated Management of the Fall Armyworm on Maize. 1–133. http://www.grainsa.co.za/upload/FAO---FAW-Guide.pdf

Gadi, N. (2017). Effect of Azadirachta indica Extracts on Oriental Leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae ). 2, 2–6. https://doi.org/10.1511/CTNR.2017.000

Gayi, D., Ocen, D., Lubadde, G., & Serunjogi, L. (2017). Efficacy of bio and synthetic pesticides against the American bollworm and its natural enemies on cotton. Uganda Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.4314/ujas.v17i1.7

Harrison, R. D., Thierfelder, C., Baudron, F., Chinwada, P., Midega, C., Schaffner, U., & van den Berg, J. (2019). Agro-ecological options for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith) management: Providing low-cost, smallholder-friendly solutions to an invasive pest. Journal of Environmental Management, 243(March), 318–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.011

Jeanne, P., Sawadogo, J., Yelcouni, K. C., Legma, J. B., Polytechnique, I., Shalom, P., Ouagadougou, I. P. S. De, Faso, B., Saint, U., Usta, T. A., Agricoles, R., Inera, C., & Faso, B. (2022). Assessing three biopesticides' effectiveness on the Armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) in maize production Fall. 20(4), 6–12.

Kalyebi, A., Otim, M. H., Walsh, T., & Tay, W. T. (2023). Farmer perception of impacts of fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda J . E . Smith ) and transferability of its management practices in Uganda. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00150-w

Kammo, E. Q., Suh, C., Mbong, G. A., Djomo, S. H., Chimi, N. L. L., Mbeungang, D.-L., Mafouasson, H., Meseka, S., & Menkir, A. (2019). Biological Versus Chemical Control of Fall Armyworm and Lepidoptera Stem Borers of Maize (Zea Mays). Agronomie Africaine, 31(2), 187–198.

Kamunhukamwe, T., Nzuma, J. K., Maodzeka, A., Chido, G., Matongera, N., & Madzingaidzo, L. (2022). Efficacy of neem bio-pesticide and synthetic insecticides against control of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Maize. 10(4), 1– 6. https://doi.org/10.22271/j.ento.2022.v10.i4b.9018

Kansiime, M. K., Mugambi, I., Rwomushana, I., Lamontagne-godwin, J., Rware, H., Phiri, N. A., Chipabika, G., & Day, R. (2019). Farmer perception of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiderda J . E . Smith) and farm-level management practices in Zambia. February. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5504

Kuddus, M. (2019). Effect of different control strategies on maize plant recovery and yield after fall armyworm infestation. Msc Thesis.

Kumar, P., Kumari, K., Sk, S., & Sn, S. (2021). Efficacy of bio-pesticides against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, under laboratory conditions. 9(2), 1282–1284. http://www.entomoljournal.com

Kumari, M., Deole, S., & Tiwari, S. (2020). Field efficacy of selected insecticides against fall armyworm on maize crop. 8(6), 255–259. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i6d.11164

Maria, A., Giongo, M., & Forim, M. R. (2016). Evaluation of neem-based nanoformulations as an alternative to control fall armyworm. 40(1), 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/1.1590/s1413-70542016000100002

Matova, P. M. (2020). Fall-armyworm invasion, control practices, and resistance breeding in Sub-Saharan Africa. December. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20317

Matova, P. M. (2021). Breeding of maize for fall armyworm resistance in Southern Africa (University of the Free State). In PhD research thesis (Issue July). http://hdl.handle.net/11660/11898

Midega, C. A. O., Pittchar, J. O., Pickett, J. A., Hailu, G. W., & Khan, Z. R. (2018). A climate-adapted push-pull system effectively controls fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith), in maize in East Africa. Crop Protection, 105(November 2017), 10–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2017.11.003

Mukanga, M., Machuku, O., Chipabika, G., Matimelo, M., Mumba, K., Tembo, M., & Lwinya, K. (2022). Bio-efficacy of Crude Aqueous Leaf Extracts against the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda ) and Maize Ear Rots in Zambia. 3(December 2017), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.26855/abr.2022.11.001

Niassy, S., Agbodzavu, M. K., Kimathi, E., Mutune, B., Abdel-Rahman, E. F. M., Salifu, D., Hailu, G., Belayneh, Y. T., Felege, E., Tonnang, H. E. Z., Ekesi, S., & Subramanian, S. (2021). Bioecology of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), its management and potential patterns of seasonal spread in Africa. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June 2021), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249042

Onsongo, S. K., Gichimu, B. M., Akutse, K. S., Dubois, T., & Mohamed, S. A. (2019). Performance of three isolates of Metarhizium Anisopliae and their virulence against Zeugodacus Cucurbitae under different temperature regimes, with global extrapolation of their efficiency. Insects, 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10090270

Otim, M. H., Ajam, A. L., Ogwal, G., & Aropet, S. A. (2023). Effectiveness of Biorational and Synthetic Insecticides in Controlling Fall Armyworm and Their Effects on the Abundance and Diversity of Associated Natural Enemies. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.1312.v1

Patel, P. H., Sisodiya, D. B., Raghunandan, B. L., & Patel, D. R. (2022). Field efficacy of various entomopathogens against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae ) infesting maize. 14(4), 1071–1076.

Patil, S. D., Bagde, A. S., Hole, U. B., Wale, S. D., Galande, S. M., & Mohite, A. B. (2023). Efficacy of some biopesticides against fall armyworm ( FAW ) Spodoptera frugiperda ( Smith ) infesting maize. 12(4), 2547–2551. https://www.thepharmajournal.com

Prasanna, B., Huesing, J. E., Peschke, V. M., & Eddy, R. (2021). Fall Armyworm in Asia: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 187.

Ramanujam, B., Poornesha, B., & Shylesha, A. N. (2020). Effect of entomopathogenic fungi against invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00291-4

Russo, M. L., Jaber, L. R., Scorsetti, A. C., Vianna, F., Cabello, M. N., & Pelizza, S. A. (2021). Effect of entomopathogenic fungi introduced as corn endophytes on the development, reproduction, and food preference of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. Journal of Pest Science, 94(3), 859–870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01302-x

Shiberu, T., & Getu, E. (2018). Experimental Analysis of Economic Action Level of Tomato Leafminer, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant under Open Field. Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 06(01), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000327

Siazemo, M. K., & Simfukwe, P. (2020). An Evaluation of the Efficacy of Botanical Pesticides for Fall Armyworm Control in Maize Production. OALib, 07(09), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106746

Sisay, B. (2018). Evaluation of Different Management Options of Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Assessment of its Parasitoids in Some Parts of Ethiopia. Agricultural Entomology, 2(June), 227–249. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.11930.98249

Sisay, B., Tefera, T., Wakgari, M., Ayalew, G., & Mendesil, E. (2019). The efficacy of selected synthetic insecticides and botanicals against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in maize. Insects, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10020045

Smith, J. E., & Infestation, A. (2022). Screening of Maize Genotypes against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. July.

Smith, S. J. E., Srinivasan, T., Vinothkumar, B., Shanmugam, P. S., Baskaran, V., Arulkumar, G., Prithiva, J., Sathyan, T., Krishnamoorthy, S. V, Muthukrishnan, N., Prabakar, K., & Sathiah, N. (2022). A New Scoring Technique for Assessing the Infestation of Maize Fall Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. 000674(1992), 1–9.

Spodoptera, A., Njeru, E. M., & Akutse, K. S. (2022). Isolate ICIPE 41 for Sustainable Control of the Invasive Fall.

Tambo, J. A., Kansiime, M. K., Mugambi, I., Agboyi, L. K., Beseh, P. K., & Day, R. (2023). Economic impacts and management of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in smallholder agriculture : a panel data analysis for Ghana. CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, 3, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00181-3