Attitudes of Rwandans towards Kiswahili as a Language of Trade and Integration in the East African Community

  • Jean Wycliffe Masezerano University of Yaoundé II
  • Paul ZangZang University of Yaoundé I
  • Cyprien Niyomugabo University of Rwanda-College of Education
Keywords: Kiswahili, People’s Attitude, Trade Language, East African Community, Promotion
Share Article:

Abstract

People’s attitudes play an important role in designing a language policy that intends the development of a language. The present study explored the influence of Rwandans’ attitudes towards the development of Kiswahili which is considered the language of trade and integration in the East African Community. The study used primary data collected from participants found in the Rwandan bordering and urban communities. The data collected about people’s opinions towards the promotion of Kiswahili were statistically processed and analysed by use of hierarchical linear regression. Results showed a significant influence on people’s attitudes at the p-value below .05. Thus, the study found that people’s attitudes have an important influence in promoting a certain language, more specifically Kiswahili, as a language of trade and integration in the EAC. It was suggested that Rwandans’ attitudes towards the development of Kiswahili should be given consideration while designing policies and programs that intend to promote Kiswahili

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agheyisi, R., & Fishman, J. A. (1970) Language Attitude Studies: A Brief Survey of Methodological Approaches, Anthropological Linguistics, 12 (5), 137-157.

Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitude, Personality and Behaviour, (2nd Eds.). New York: Open University Press.

Cook, V. (2000). Linguistics and second language acquisition. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press and Macmillan Publishers Ltd.

Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (2007). The advantages of an inclusive definition of attitude. Social cognition, 25(5), 582-602

Ferguson, C., A. (1968). Language development, Sociolinguistic perspectives: papers on language in society. New York Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Fishman, J. A. (1972). Language in sociocultural change. California: Stanford University Press

Habwe, J. (2009). The role of Kiswahili in the integration of East Africa. The Journal of Pan African Studies, 2(8), 1-10.

Henerson, M. E., Morris, L. L., & Fitz-Gibbon, C. T. (1987). How to measure attitudes. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publication

Herek, G., M. (1999). The social construction of attitudes: functional consensus and divergence in the US public’s reaction to AIDS [Non-published Master’s thesis]. University of California, Davis.

Katz, D. (1960). The functional approach to the study of attitudes. Public Opinion Quarterly, 24, 163-204.

Khetir, N. (2017). The effects of attitudes towards language use and stereotypical concepts among F/EFLlearners in Tlemcen University (Non-Published PhD thesis Tlemcen University). http://dspace.univ-tlemcen.dz/bitstream/112/12897/1/khetir-naima.pdf

Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research methodology: Methods and techniques (2nd Eds.). New Delhi: New Age International Publishers.

Lyn, S. (2011). Parental language learning beliefs and practices in young children’s second language acquisition and bilingual development: case studies of Mexican Heritage families in California and Arizona. Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8575s26t.

Maniraho, S. (2013). Attitudes and motivation of teacher training college teachers and students toward English learning and use as medium of instruction in Rwanda, Johannesburg, University of Witwatersrand (Unpublished Master’s Thesis)

Mbori, B. (2008). The interface between language attitudes and language use in a post-conflict context: The case of Rwanda. http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1749.5768.

Moshi, L. (2006). The globalised world languages: The case of Kiswahili, Somerville: Cascadilla Proceedings Press.

Mukhwana, A. (2014). Attitude towards Kiswahili in urban Kenya. International Journal of Scientific Research and Innovative Technology, 1(3), 11-20.

Mukuthuria, M. (2006). Kiswahili and its expanding roles of development in East African Cooperation: A case of Uganda. Nordic Journal of African Studies, 15(2), 154-165.

Mulokozi, M. M., (nd). Kiswahili as a national and international language, Dar es Salaam: University of Dar es Salaam.

Mutuku, J. K., Mohochi, S., & Mukuthuria, M. (2018). Analysis of Students’ attitudes towards the use of Kiswahili in teaching communication skills in technical institutes in Kenya. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 8(7), 135-144.

Niyomugabo, C. (2016). Teaching of Kiswahili in Rwandan schools: Evaluation of mistakes, problems, and needs of Kiswahili. Journal of the Institute of Kiswahili Studies, 79, 70-82,

Niyomugabo, C., (1992). The position of Kiswahili in the domain of religion in Rwanda: A sociolinguistic approach. (Ruhengeri, UNR BA Dissertation, Unpublished).

Niyomugabo, C., (2019). Kiswahili in Rwanda: Key to sustainable development. In KAKAMA (2019), Kiswahili, Utangamano na Maendeleo Endelevu Afrika Mashariki, Zanzibar, Tanzania, pp.68-79. ISBN 9789976516531

Ntakirutimana, E. (2002). The Kiswahili language as a basis for the unification in the African Great Lakes region. (PhD. Dissertation Université Laval).

O’rourke, B. & Hogan-brun, G. (2013). Language attitudes in language policy and planning. In A., C. Carol, (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of applied linguistic (pp. 1-5). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. http:// doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.

Republic of Rwanda. (2017). Organic Law n°02/2017/OL of 20/04/2017 establishing Kiswahili as an Official Language in Official Gazette nᵒ 18 of 01/05/2017, Kigali, 2017

Spolsky, B. (2007). Towards a theory of language policy. Working Paper in Educational Linguistics, 22(1), 1-14.

Tanya, A. (2010), Nurse ‘attitudes towards continuing formal education, California State University, Sacramento. Nursing Forum, 43(3).

Published
14 March, 2023
How to Cite
Masezerano, J., ZangZang, P., & Niyomugabo, C. (2023). Attitudes of Rwandans towards Kiswahili as a Language of Trade and Integration in the East African Community. East African Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 266-279. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajes.6.1.1130