Push and Pull Factors for Rural Migration to Squatter Settlements in Mwanza City, Tanzania

Sakina Faru

doi:10.37284/eajass.8.1.2582

Sakina Faru St. Augustine University of Tanzania

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37284/eajass.8.1.2582

Keywords: Squatters, Push-Pull Factors, Gender-Based Violence

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Abstract

This paper examines push and pull factors for rural migration to squatter settlements in Mwanza City, Tanzania. A mixed research approach and case study strategy were employed. Respondents included local government leaders and residents. Several sampling procedures were used to get respondents. Interviews, questionnaires, focus group discussions and observation yielded primary data, while documentary review provided secondary data. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis and quantitative data were analyzed statistically. More females than males migrated to Mwanza City squatter areas and more youth migrated and settled there than other older age groups. Respondents had varied education levels with a higher illiteracy level among female than male respondents. Several pull factors accounted for people migrating from rural areas to Mwanza City in squatter settlements. Gender-based violence (GBV) as push factors included wife beating and discrimination by husbands and adolescent girls’ genital mutilation. Like elsewhere in the country, the government plans to deal with squatter settlements in Mwanza City. Some recommendations encompass the following: the government should institute policy and review the legal framework for good habitation in urban areas and weed out Gender-Based Violence, chiefly for women and adolescent girls; and it should further control and prevent sprawl plus dynamics of squatter settlements

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