Miundo Taswira katika Sitiari za Viungo vya Mwili: Mfano wa Methali za Kiswahili
Ikisiri
Makala hii ilichunguza nafasi ya miundo taswira katika kuunda sitiari zinazopatikana katika methali. Utafiti huu ukiwa umekitwa katika sitiari tambuzi unalenga kuchunguza vile tajriba zilizomwiliwishwa kama vile uwiano na mwendo zinavyoakisiwa katika mahusiano ya kiistiari yaliyomo katika methali za Kiswahili. Methali ni hazina kuu ya hekima ya utamaduni na hutegemea sitiari kupitisha dhana za kidhahania za kijamii, kimadili au kihisia. Uchunguzi huu unahoji kuwa sitiari hizi si nasibu ila huundwa kiutaratibu kwa miundo taswira inayotokana na tajriba za kimwili. Miundo taswira ina nafasi muhimu katika kuunda maana za methali hususan zinazotumia sitiari za viungo vya mwili. Miundo taswira huunda miundo ya kimsingi ambayo sitiari hujengeka, haswa sitiari tambuzi ambapo dhana moja hueleweka kwa kuihusisha na nyingine. Sitiari za viungo vya mwili hutegemea uzoefu alio nao binadamu na mwili wake. Miundo taswira husaidia kuunganisha tajriba za mwili kwa maadili ya kidhahania kama vile mamlaka, werevu, maadili au tabia ya jamii. Uandishi wa makala hii uliongozwa na nadharia ya muundo taswira kwa mujibu wa Lakoff na Johnson (1980). Mkabala wa utafiti ni wa kithamano, muundo wa kimaelezo. Eneo la utafiti ni kamusi ya methali za Kiswahili. Kundi lengwa la utafiti ni methali za Kiswahili. Sampuli ya methali 10 zenye sitiari za viungo vya mwili ziliteuliwa kimaksudi kutoka katika Kamusi ya Methali za Kiswahili ya King’ei na Ndalu (2008) ili kuchunguzwa. Data ilikusanywa kwa usomaji makini wa methali zilizomo katika kamusi teule ya utafiti. Mtafiti akanakili methali hizo na miundo taswira iliyomo ikachunguzwa. Matokeo ya utafiti yalibainisha kuwa dhana zisizoshikika hueleweka kupitia kwa sitiari za viungo vya mwili kwa sababu ya mitagusano iliyopo baina ya binadamu na mazingira yake. Isitoshe utafiti umeipanua pia taaluma ya isimu ya Kiafrika kwa kuziweka diskosi za methali za Kiswahili ndani ya muktadha wa kiakili mbali na kuchangia katika nadharia ya sitiari za lugha tofauti, semiotiki ya kitamaduni na uhusiano baina ya lugha, fikra na jamii.
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