Integrative and Collaborative Civil-Military Relations: A Comparative Assessment of Military Support to Civil Institutions in Uganda
Abstract
Uganda, a nation amidst socio-economic transformation, faces significant challenges concerning human security that demand unified and proactive efforts at the national level. In the wake of a notable decline in insurgent activities across the country, the Ugandan government boldly solicited military support to bolster civilian institutions grappling with effectiveness and efficiency issues. This study centres on the critical collaboration between the Ugandan Peoples' Defence Forces (UPDF) and two pivotal institutions: the Uganda Police Force (UPF) and the former National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS). Utilising an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach, the research begins with in-depth qualitative interviews followed by quantitative surveys. This methodology illuminated the substantial adjustments and socialisation processes that army personnel underwent as they adapted to their new roles in these civilian contexts. The findings revealed a growing appreciation from the host institutions for the military’s support, particularly as their interactions matured over time. The military's engagement with both the police and NAADS was characterised by integrative and collaborative civil-military relations, which served as foundational models for their cooperation. However, the study suggests that a multi-model approach is more advantageous in dynamic working environments, allowing flexibility and responsiveness to evolving challenges. Moreover, introducing a national service training program aimed at equipping Uganda's future workforce, with a strong emphasis on civil-military relations as a core component of its curriculum, could foster a more seamless and effective coordination and cooperation between the military and other government institutions. This initiative enhances mutual understanding and cooperation, ultimately contributing to the nation’s development and stability.
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