The Effects of Self-Management Tools on Organisational Performance
Abstract
The study was conducted at IRUWASA (Iringa Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority) in Iringa, Tanzania, to assess the effects of self-management tools, particularly on Employee Self-Service (ESS), on organisational performance. A mixed research approach was employed, combining quantitative data from structured questionnaires with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews, enabling both statistical reliability and deeper contextual understanding. The research adopted a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 85 respondents, selected from a target population of 105 employees using simple random sampling to ensure representativeness. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews, with primary data complemented by secondary data from HR records and ESS system logs. Analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20, applying descriptive statistics to summarise patterns, while validity and reliability were confirmed through expert review, KMO testing, and Cronbach’s Alpha. Ethical principles, including informed consent, confidentiality, and organisational approval, were strictly observed to ensure compliance with research standards
Downloads
References
Adeola, O., & Ojo, A. The role of digital self-management tools in enhancing employee efficiency in Nigeria's banking sector. Journal of Business and Management Studies, 12(4), 55–69.
Ali, A., & Mensah, J. Improving task prioritization and coordination through digital tools in telecommunications. African Journal of Management, 8(2), 77–88.
Bandura, A. Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
Baker, T., Johnson, L., & White, P. Goal-setting platforms and tracking apps in the finance sector: Enhancing engagement and productivity. Journal of Financial Management, 14(3), 2020, 201–219.
Brown, J., & Kelly, P. Employee self-service tools in the public sector: Enhancing accountability and evaluation processes. Canadian Public Administration Review, 22(1), 2021, 45–62.
Chavez, M., & Ramirez, L. Time-tracking applications in hospitality: Reducing stress and enhancing organization. Journal of Hospitality Management, 11(2), 2023, 88–102.
Covey, S. R. The 7 habits of highly effective people (40th anniversary ed.). Free Press, 2024.
Duckworth, A. L., & Seligman, M. E. P. Self-discipline outdoes IQ in predicting academic performance of adolescents. Psychological Science, 31(6), 2020, 764–775.
Gupta, R., Sharma, P., & Kumar, S. Self-management tools and work-life balance in healthcare. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 18(4), 2022, 233–247.
Judge, T. A., Rodell, J. B., Klinger, R. L., Simon, L. S., & Crawford, E. R. Hierarchical representations of the Big Five personality traits: Implications for employee performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(2), 2022, 213–230.
Khan, A., Ali, M., & Hussain, R. Self-management tools and employee productivity in the IT sector. Journal of Information Technology Management, 8(4), 2019, 101–117.
Kothari, C. R. Research methodology: Methods and techniques (4th ed.). New Age International Publishers, 2019.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 1970, 607–610.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. American Psychologist, 57(9), 2002, 705–717.
Macan, T. H. Time management: Test of a process model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(3), 2019, 387–395.
Patel, S., & Singh, V. Self-management tools and employee productivity: Evidence from the healthcare sector in India. Journal of Organizational Studies, 20(3), 2023, 112–128.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. Research methods for business students (8th ed.). Pearson Education, 2019.
Zhang, X., Li, Y., & Wang, H. Influence of self-management tools on organization performance in manufacturing industries. Journal of Industrial Management Studies, 15(2), 2021, 77–93.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rajab Hassan, Bahati Golyama

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.