Integrating Entomopathogenic Fungi into Different Crop Management Practices for Fall Armyworm Management
Abstract
The study was carried out to identify crop management practices favouring entomopathogenic fungi of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith). An experiment was set up with 24 maize plots measuring 6 m x 5 m in Siaya, JOOUST Campus field during the September to December 2021 short rain season for identification of crop management practices favouring entomopathogenic fungi of fall armyworm. Morphological and Molecular characterization was done to estimate the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi of fall armyworm larvae specimens from the treatment plots. Each plot was separated by 2 m occupied with Brachiaria CV Mulato to counter the possibility of fall armyworm migration from one treatment plot to another as recommended by the ICIPE’s fall armyworm push-pull technology. The results showed that weeding was statistically significant (0.044) on fall armyworm larvae collected while only 2 species of entomopathogenic fungi were isolated for this crop management practice. The case was different with intercropping, though not statistically significant, over 50% of the isolated species were from this management practice. This could mean that intercropping is likely to reduce FAW larvae infestation whilst increasing fungal activity. This study therefore concludes that the threat that S. frugiperda poses also calls for the need for the development and adoption of good crop management practices such as intercropping, adequate fertilization, and weeding
Downloads
References
Abate, T., van Huis, A & Ampofo, J.K.O. (2000). Pest management strategies in traditional agriculture: an African perspective. Annual review of entomology 45(1), 631-659
Abate, T., van Huis, A & Ampofo, J.K.O. (2000). Pest management strategies in traditional agriculture: an African perspective. Annual review of entomology 45(1), 631-659
Altieri MA, Nicholls CI, Montalba R. Technological approaches to sustainable for control of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in maize (2020). Insects 2020
Assefa, F., & Ayalew, D. (2019). Status and control measures of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) infestations in maize fields in Ethiopia: A review.Cogent Food and Agriculture, 5(1), 1641902
Babendreier, D., Koku Agboyi, L., Beseh, P., Osae, M., Nboyine, J., Ofori, S. E., ... & Kenis, M. (2020). The efficacy of alternative, environmentally friendly plant protection measures for control of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in maize. Insects, 11(4), 240.
De Groote, H., Kimenju, S.C. Munyua, B. Palmas, S. Kassie, M. et al. (2020) Spread and impact of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith) in maize production areas of Kenya. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 292: 106804.
FAO and CABI (2018) Fall Armyworm Field Handbook: Identification and Management, First Edition.
FAO. (2020). The Global Action for Fall Armyworm Control: Action framework 2020-2022. Working together to tame the global threat. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation
FAO. (2020). The Global Action for Fall Armyworm Control: Action framework 2020-2022. Working together to tame the global threat. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation
FAO. (2020). The Global Action for Fall Armyworm Control: Action framework 2020-2022. Working together to tame the global threat. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation
Gebreziher, H. G. (2020). Review on management methods of fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith) in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Entomology Research, 5(2), 09-14
Hailu G, Niassy S, Zeyaur KR, Ochatum N, Subramanian S. Maize- legume intercropping and push–pull for management of fall armyworm, stemborers, and striga in Uganda. Agron J. 2018;110(6):2513-22.
Harrison, R. D., Thierfelder, C., Baudron, F., Chinwada, P., Midega, C., Schaffner, U., & van den Berg, J. (2019). Agro-ecological options for fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith) management: Providing low-cost, smallholder friendly solutions to an invasive pest. Journal of Environmental Management, 243, 318–330. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.011
Hruska, A. J., & Gould, F. (1997). Fall armyworm (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) and Diatraea lineolata (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): Impact of larval population level and temporal occurrence on maize yield in Nicaragua. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90(2), 611-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2007.03.002
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) (2018). Fall armyworm https://www.icrisat.org/tag/fall-armyworm/
Jabbour, R., & Barbercheck, M. E. (2009). Soil management effects on entomopathogenic fungi during the transition to organic agriculture in a feed grain rotation. Biological Control, 51(3), 435-443.
Johnson, J. (2019). New Study Identifies Best Agronomic Practices to Reduce Fall Armyworm Damage. https://www.cimmyt.org/news/new-study-identifies-best-agronomic-practices-to-reduce-fall-armyworm-damage/
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, (2019). 2019 Kenya Population And Housing Census Volume I : Population By County And Sub-County: Vol. I (Issue November).
Kumela, T., Simiyu, J., Sisay, B., Likhayo, P., Mendesil, E., Gohole, L., & Tefera, T. (2019). Farmers knowledge, perceptions and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya. International Journal of Pest Management 65(1), 1-9
Kumela, T., Simiyu, J., Sisay, B., Likhayo, P., Mendesil, E., Gohole, L., & Tefera, T. (2019). Farmers knowledge, perceptions and management practices of the new invasive pest, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in Ethiopia and Kenya. International Journal of Pest Management 65(1), 1-9
Li, Y., Wang, Z., & Romeis, J. (2021). Managing the invasive fall armyworm through biotech crops: A Chinese perspective. Trends in biotechnology, 39(2), 105-107.
Lord, J.C. (2007) Desiccation Increases the Efficacy of Beauveria bassiana for Stored-Grain Pest Insect Control. Journal of Stored Products Research, 43, 535-539.
Marenco, R. J., Foster, R. E., & Sanchez, C. A. (1992). Sweet corn response to fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) damage during vegetative growth. Journal of Economic Entomology, 85(4), 1285-1292.
Marenco, R. J., Foster, R. E., & Sanchez, C. A. (1992). Sweet corn response to fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) damage during vegetative growth. Journal of Economic Entomology, 85(4), 1285-1292.
Matova, P. M., Kamutando, C. N., Magorokosho, C., Kutywayo, D., Gutsa, F., & Labuschagne, M. (2020). Fall-armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub-Saharan Africa. Crop Science, 60(6), 2951–2970.
McGrath, D., Huesing, J. E., Beiriger, R., Nuessly, G., Tepa-Yotto, T. G., Hodson, D., ... & Peschke, V. M. (2018). Monitoring, surveillance, and scouting for fall armyworm. Fall Armyworm in Africa: A Guide for Integrated Pest Management, 11-28.
Midega CAO; Pittchar JO; Pickett JA; Hailu GW; Khan ZR (2017) A climate-adapted push-pull system effectively controls fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith), in maize in East Africa. Crop Protection. Available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261219417303216
Muhammad Ayaz, S., Muhammad, I., Ahmad Abdul, W., Farhan, Z., Abdulrehman, A., Muhammad, S., & Muhammad Raheel, S. (2021). Toxicity of entomopathogenic fungi against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae under laboratory conditions. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology, 7, 355–358. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-815x.000131
Mutyambai, D. M., Niassy, S., & Calatayud, P. (2022). frugiperda) Infestation and Damage and Its Co-Occurrence with Stemborers in Maize Cropping Systems in Kenya.
Ndayisaba, P. C., Kuyah, S., Midega, C. A. O., Mwangi, P. N., & Khan, Z. R. (2020). Push-pull technology improves maize grain yield and total aboveground biomass in maize-based systems in Western Kenya. Field Crops Research, 256, 107911.
Nwanze, J. A. C., Bob-Manuel, R. B., Zakka, U., & Kingsley-Umana, E. B. (2021). Population dynamics of Fall Army Worm [(Spodoptera frugiperda) JE Smith] (Lepidoptera: Nuctuidae) in maize-cassava intercrop using pheromone traps in Niger Delta Region. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45(1), 1-7.
Otim, M.H. Aropet, S.A. Opio, M. Kanyesigye, D. Opolot, H.N. (2021) Parasitoid distribution and parasitism of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Different Maize Producing Regions of Uganda. Insects 12: 121. DOI: 10.3390/insects12020121
Steinhaus, E. (1956). Microbial control—the emergence of an idea. A brief history of insect pathology through the nineteenth century. Hilgardia, 26(2), 107-160.
Supartha, I. W., & Susila, I. W. (n.d.). Biosilica Fertilizer Reduces Fall Armyworm Damage. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/985/1/012049
Tanyi, C. B., Nkongho, R. N., Okolle, J. N., Tening, A. S., & Ngosong, C. (2020). Effect of Intercropping Beans with Maize and Botanical Extract on Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Infestation. 2020.
Copyright (c) 2023 Sharai Silipiwe, Alice Nakhumicha Muriithi, Chris O. Ojiewo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
