Knowledge of Kidney Health and its Effect on Kidney Health Practices among Christians of Magumu Catholic Church, Nyandarua County - Kenya
Abstract
Kidney disease affects various parts of the kidneys, rendering them unable to filter blood off wastes and toxins. Approximately 700 million people suffer from kidney disease, with the highest burden occurring in impoverished, vulnerable and marginalized communities in low- and middle-income countries. Several factors including age, sex, occupation, religion, level of education and knowledge of kidney health and disease predispose individuals to kidney disease. This cross-sectional study was carried out among Christians of Magumu Catholic Church; Nyandarua County in Kenya to a) determine the extent of knowledge on kidney health and disease and its determinants, b) establish the practices towards kidney health and disease and c) investigate if there is a correlation between the level of knowledge on kidney health and disease and kidney health practices. Results of the study show that 341(89.2%) of the participants knew about kidney function, 270(79.2) knew about kidney location in the body and 228(63.9%) could list at least one correct sign or symptom of kidney disease, with having a swollen body being mentioned the most 172(32.0%). The majority of the participants had below-average knowledge 242(64.3%) of the signs and symptoms of kidney disease. Of the 341 participants who knew about kidney disease (92.3%) correctly listed at least one of its causes, with drug and alcohol abuse 160(50.9) and excessive salt intake and poor diet 84(26.8) being the most listed. Hypertension 189(57.6%), diabetes 103(31.4%) and obesity 36(11.0%) were listed as predisposing conditions to kidney disease. 205(62.1%) knew that kidney disease could run in families. Being male [(AOR=0.54, 95% CI [0.32-0.93], P=0.025)], having a tertiary education [(AOR= 2.96, 95% CI [1.25-6.98], P=0.013)] and age ≥27 years promoted good knowledge of kidney health and disease. For the kidney health practices, 193(50.5%) added raw salt to their food, 7.2% were actively smoking, 15.8% were taking alcohol, 52.3% used herbal medicine, 42(11.1%) took 8 glasses of water daily and 342(89.6%) were involved in physical exercise. Being male [(AOR=0.47, 95% CI [0.28-0.79], p=0.016)], having secondary or tertiary education [AOR=0.56(0.31-1.43) and [AOR=0.48(0.14-0.97)] respectively and being a student [AOR=0.36(0.24-1.04)] hindered engagement in practices that promote kidney health whereas being more than 58 years greatly promoted it. Finally, having average or above-average knowledge of good KHP promotes good KHPs. We conclude that in addition to other factors, health literacy, but not the level of education promotes good KHPs and that educating the masses about signs and symptoms of KD and good KHPs could be a game changer in achieving the set targets towards the prevention and early detection of KD
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