Fisherfolk Perceptions of Ghost Gear Hotspots and Their Impacts on Marine Ecosystems in South Coast Kenya
Abstract
Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG), commonly known as ghost gear, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems globally. Despite increasing concern, there remains limited localised data on the spatial distribution of ghost gear and stakeholder perceptions of its ecological risks, particularly in developing coastal regions. This study examines the perceptions of fisherfolk communities. It identifies ghost gear hotspots along the South Coast of Kenya through a mixed-methods approach combining questionnaires (n = 95), focus group discussions, and participatory mapping. The results highlight Funzi and Shimoni as key accumulation areas. Gillnets and basket traps were the most frequently lost gear types, primarily due to poor weather and accidental loss. Chi-square analysis revealed significant associations between perceived ghost gear impacts, such as habitat destruction and fish mortality, and identified hotspots (p < 0.001). Most respondents recognised ghost gear as ecologically destructive and economically burdensome, citing reduced catch and gear replacement costs. The study underscores the importance of integrating local ecological knowledge into marine debris monitoring and co-management strategies through Beach Management Units (BMUs). Enhancing fisherfolk capacity and fostering collaborative governance could improve ghost gear mitigation and support sustainable fisheries management.
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