Impacts of Mining Activities on Socioeconomic Development of Local Communities in Rwamagana District: A Case Study of Musha Mine in Musha Sector

الملخص

The mining industry in Rwanda, particularly in the Musha sector, plays a pivotal role in generating export revenues from minerals such as tin, tungsten, and tantalum. This study investigates the socioeconomic benefits and challenges faced by residents living near mining operations, highlighting significant implications for both socioeconomic and environmental sustainability. A mixed-methods approach was employed, collecting quantitative data from a structured survey of 378 households, selected through Yamane's formula from a target population of 27,525, complemented by qualitative insights from local leaders and representatives of Trinity Metals. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews, and analysed using multiple regression and ANOVA, with qualitative data being thematically analysed. Findings reveal that mining activities have led to increased employment (mean = 4.06), income, and infrastructure development (mean = 4.89), while also resulting in environmental degradation and health risks associated with mining practices. Notably, residents reported a moderate understanding of operational strategies (mean = 3.57) and the effective application of safety measures, such as emergency protocol training (mean = 4.89) and personal protective equipment usage (mean = 4.53), although gaps in safe lifting techniques were identified (mean = 3.72). The study establishes that 78.3% of the variance in socioeconomic development can be attributed to mining practices, underscoring the profound impact of these activities on local communities. The research calls for enhanced safety protocols, sustainable mining practices, and further investigation into the socioeconomic dynamics linked to mining to inform policies that protect community health and promote equitable development