Impact of Solar Energy Usage on Socio-Economic Development in Ngoma District

Abstract

The study evaluated the impact of solar energy usage on socio-economic development in Ngoma District. The specific objectives were to assess the effectiveness of solar energy usage in Ngoma District, the socio-economic development indicators in Ngoma District, and the relationship between solar energy usage and socio-economic development in Ngoma District. The target population was 271 households that used solar energy in Ngoma District, while the sample size was 162 respondents. The questionnaire, interview guide, and Documentary technique were used to obtain the necessary information for the study. Descriptive statistics method, correlation coefficient matrix and multiple linear regression analysis methods were used in this study. Findings indicated that with a Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) of 0.989, showing a strong linear relationship between predictors such as generating electricity, heating water, and socio-economic development, and an R-square value of 0.978, suggesting that approximately 97.8% of the variability in socio-economic development can be explained by these predictors, the model demonstrates robust explanatory power. Furthermore, the adjusted R-squared value of 0.978 remains consistent, suggesting stability in explanatory capability even with additional predictors. The low standard error of the estimate (2.60592) and the Durbin-Watson statistic (1.017) close to 2 indicate minimal residual autocorrelation, validating the model's effectiveness in capturing socio-economic dynamics. The analysis of variance underscores the significance of the model, with predictors collectively exerting a significant effect on socio-economic development, as evidenced by a large F-statistic (1168.641) and a very low p-value (Sig. = .000). The substantial sum of squares for regression (47616.150) further emphasizes the explained variability in socio-economic development by the predictors.  Recommendations stemming from these findings advocate for targeted interventions such as investment in renewable energy infrastructure, improvement of basic services, and community empowerment to foster sustainable development. Moreover, suggestions for further research encourage longitudinal studies, complementing quantitative analyses with qualitative methods, and undertaking comparative analyses across diverse regions to deepen understanding and inform evidence-based policies for addressing energy poverty and fostering inclusive growth in rural communities. This study contributes to understanding the role of solar energy in rural socio-economic development, providing insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers to promote sustainable development initiatives.