Assessing The Resilience of Adaptation Measures: Conceptual Frameworks for A Case Study of Ghana’s Keta Sea Defense System
الملخص
The consequences of rising sea levels caused by climate change have been detrimental to the residents living along the coast of Keta in Ghana. The construction of the Keta Sea defense system as an adaptation measure designed to alleviate the situation appears to have had little impact. Despite the development of various climate change adaptation frameworks to help enhance the resilience of adaptation measures, the outcome of these adaptation measures remain uncertain until another climate change related event occurs that may disrupt socio-economic life. To mitigate this, adaptation measures ought to be assessed using a rigorous assessment-based adaptation framework. This study proposed two of such frameworks, that is, conceptual adaptation framework of interaction and conceptual adaptation framework of outcomes. The two conceptual frameworks are to be used concurrently and can be applied in assessing and implementing other environmental measures within a specific environmental context
التنزيلات
المراجع
Addo, K. (2013). Assessing coastal vulnerability index to climate change: the case of Accra–Ghana. Journal of Coastal Research, 65, 1892–1897. https://doi.org/10.2112/SI65-320.1
Adger, W. N., Dessai, S., Goulden, M., Hulme, M., Lorenzoni, I., Nelson, D. R., & Wreford, A. (2009). Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? Climatic change, 93, 335-354.
Asante, F. A., Bawakyillenuo, S., Bird, N., Trujillo, N. C., Tagoe, C. A., & Ashiabi, N., (2015). Climate change finance in Ghana, ODI Report. Available at https://media.odi.org/documents/9684.pdf
Bettini, G. (2017). Where next? Climate change, migration, and the (bio)politics of adaptation. Global Policy, 8(S1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12404
Beatley, T. (2014). Planning for resilient coastal communities: emerging practice and future directions. In adapting to climate change edited by B.C. Glavovic and G. P. Smith, 123_144. New York and London: Springer.
Carter, T. R., Benzie, M., Campiglio, E., Carlsen, H., Fronzek, S., Hildén, M., Reyer, C. P. O., & West, C. (2021). A conceptual framework for cross-border impacts of climate change. Global Environmental Change, 69, 102307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102307
Church, J. A., and N. J. White (2006). A20th century acceleration in global sea-level rise, Geophys. Res.Lett., 33, L01602, doi:10.1029/2005GL024826.
Cinner, J. E., Adger, W. N., Allison, E. H., Barnes, M. L., Brown, K., Cohen, P. J., & Morrison, T. H. (2018). Building adaptive capacity to climate change in tropical coastal communities. Nature Climate Change, 8(2), 117-123.
Codjoe, S. N. A., Nyamedor F. H, Sward, J., et al. (2017). Environmental hazard and migration intentions in a coastal area in Ghana: a case of sea flooding. Population and Environment 39: 128–146.
Cross, M.S., Zavaleta, E.S., Bachelet, D. et al. (2012). The adaptation for conservation targets (ACT) framework: a tool for incorporating climate change into natural resource management. Environmental Management 50, 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9893-7
Frederikse, T., Adhikari, S., Daley,T. J., Dangendorf, S., Gehrels, R., Landerer, F., et al. (2021). Constraining20th-century sea-level rise in the South Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126, e2020JC016970. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jc016970
Gbedemah, S. F. (2023). Eruditing from indigenous adaptation strategies for resilient and sustainable coastal erosion management in southeastern Ghana. Discov Sustain 4, 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-023-00123-z
Government of Ghana, (2013). Ghana National Climate Change Policy framework. Available at https://www.clientearth.org/media/p13faarf/national-climate-change-policy-ext-en.pdf
Government of Ghana, (2020). Ghana National Climate Change Master Plan Action Programmes for Implementation: 2015 – 2020. Available at https://weadapt.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/ghana_national_climate_change_master_plan_2015_2020.pdf
Government of Ghana National Environmental Policy, (2012). Available at http://mesti.gov.gh/wp- content/uploads/2017/04/National-Environment-Policy_FINAL.pdf
Government of Ghana, (1999). Climate Change Legislation from the Environmental Protection Agency Act, 1994 (Act 490).
Government of Ghana, (2021). Ghana Statistical Service population Available at https://census2021.statsghana.gov.gh/
Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Jacob, D., Taylor, M., Guillén Bolaños, T., Bindi, M., Brown, S., ... & Zhou, G. (2019). The human imperative of stabilizing global climate change at 1.5 C. Science, 365(6459), eaaw6974.
Hunt, A.;Watkiss, P. (2011). Climate change impacts and adaptation in cities: A review of the literature. Clim. Chang. 104, 13–49.
IPCC, (2019). Summary for Policymakers. In: Po¨rtner H-O, Roberts DC, Masson-Delmotte V, Zhai P, Tignor M, Poloczanska EK, et. al., editors. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate. 2019.
IPCC, (2022). Summary for policymakers [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3–33, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.001
Johnson, T. E., & Weaver, C. P. (2009). A framework for assessing climate change impacts on water and watershed systems. Environmental Management 43,118–134.
Lamptey, M.A. and Ofori-Danson, P.K., 2014. The status of fish diversity and fisheries of the Keta Lagoon, Ghana, West Africa. Ghana Journal of Science, 54,
Klopfer, F., Westerholt, R., Gruehn, D. (2021). Conceptual frameworks for assessing climate change effects on urban areas: a scoping review. Sustainability, 13, 10794. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910794
Mahu E, Danso P, Edusei MO, deGraft-Johnson KAA. (2023). Impact of agricultural practices on ecosystem health of lagoons: a case study of the Keta Lagoon Complex in Ghana, West Africa. Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Apr 28;195(5):622. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-11253-2. PMID: 37115347.
Mengel, M., Levermann, A., Frieler, K., Robinson, A., Marzeion, B., and Winkelmann, R., (2016). Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long-term commitment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113, 2597-2602. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500515113.
Miller, J. D., Hutchins, M. (2017). The impacts of urbanisation and climate change on urban flooding and urban water quality: A review of the evidence concerning the United Kingdom. J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud. 2017, 12, 345–362.
Osisiadan, P. (2021). Keta coastal flooding: Is it a warning for Ghana about climate change? Retrieved July 14, 2023 from JOY FM website: https://www.myjoyonline.com/prince-osisiadan-keta-coastal-flooding-is-it-a-warning-for-ghana-about-climate-change/
Pachauri, R. K., Myles, R., Allen, V. R. B., Broome, J., Wolfgang, C., Renate, C., and Jean-Pascal, V. Y. (2014). Climate change (2014). Synthesis Report, The Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change edited by Rajendra K. Pachauri and Leo Meyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Peters, M. K., Kusimi, J.M. (2023). Changes in wetland and other landscape elements of the Keta Municipal area of Ghana. J Coast Conserv, 27, 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-022-00928-6
Priestley, R. K., Heine, Z., Milfont, T. L. (2021). Public understanding of climate change-related sea-level rise. PLoS ONE 16(7): e0254348. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254348
Salehi, S., Ardalan, A., Ostadtaghizadeh, A., Garmaroudi, G., Zareiyan, A., Rahimiforoushani, A. (2019). Conceptual definition and framework of climate change and dust storm adaptation: a qualitative study. J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2019 Aug 20;17(2):797-810. doi: 10.1007/s40201-019-00396-5. PMID: 32030153; PMCID: PMC6985416.
Salifu, A. M. A. (2021). Climate-induced relocation and social change in Keta, Ghana. Journal of Social Change, 13, 58–66. https://doi.org/10.5590/JOSC.2021.13.2.05
Schultz, C., (2011), Potential for resumption of East Pacific sea level rise after 30-year hiatus, Eos Trans. AGU, 92(40), 348.
Simpson, M. C., Gossling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C.M., Gladin, E. (2008). Climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector: frameworks, tools and practices. UNEP, University of Oxford, UNWTO, WMO, Paris.
Snover, A. K., Binder, L.W., Lopez, J., Willmott, E., Kay, J., Howell, D., Simmonds, J. (2007). Preparing for climate change: a guidebook for local, regional, and state governments. In association with and published by ICLEI—Local Governments for Sustainability, Oakland.
Tapan, K. D., & Luna, K. (2017). Climate change adaptation in the urban planning and design research: missing links and research agenda, Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 60:4, 602-627, DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2016.1178107
Tokarska et al (2019). Quantifying human contributions to past and future ocean warming and thermosteric sea level rise Environ. Res. Lett, 14 074020 DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/ab23c1
Tseng, Y. T., Ding, J. J., and Lou, J. Y., "Global sea level change in the past century," OCEANS 2014 - TAIPEI, Taipei, Taiwan, 2014, pp. 1-5, doi:10.1109/OCEANS-TAIPEI.2014.6964580.
الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2024 Ezekiel Kojo Acquaah, PhD, Kevin Mearns, PhD, Adelaide Agyepong, PhD
هذا العمل مرخص حسب الرخصة Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
